Sustainable energy systems with focus on personal transport electrification
Moderators: Prof. Nikola Rajakovic, Dr. Ilija Batas Bjelic
The personal transport has both, significant emissions share in the present energy systems, and significant potential for integration with variable energy production in sustainable energy system. Therefore, pro's and con's of their broader market penetration having in mind their production, inscentives and use will be presented. Afterwards, the method for the the estimation of the range of personal electric vehicles based on the user driving cycles and in the limited existence of the electricity charging infrastructure will be elaborated. Later on, the detailed modelling of the charging infrastructure with charging location optimal placement purpose will be presented with the case study for City of Nis. Also, modelling of the integration of transport sector into the 100% renewable electricity for the City of Dubrovnik case study using hourly model to find optimal charging operation of the charging infrastructure will be presented. Finally, four studies presented by the authors, will be summarized by the moderator with a broader outlook of the current opportunities and obstacles for the implementation of the smart energy infrastructure in Republic of Serbia and open discussion with audience.
The electrification of individual mobility, especially Electric vehicles i soften seen as an important step towards sustainability. Although, they are widely supported with different policy instruments and measures, their market penetration is still relatively low. In addition, their environmental benignity might be questioned. Despite their Zero-emission characteristics at the point-of-use, especially the production and salvage of the batteries and the source of electricity, which is often coal, at least lead to some caveats which also question the subsidies provided in some countries.
The electrification of individual mobility, especially Electric vehicles i soften seen as an important step towards sustainability. Although, they are widely supported with different policy instruments and measures, their market penetration is still relatively low. In addition, their environmental benignity might be questioned. Despite their Zero-emission characteristics at the point-of-use, especially the production and salvage of the batteries and the source of electricity, which is often coal, at least lead to some caveats which also question the subsidies provided in some countries.
The growing interest for sustainable city transport and electric vehicles (EV) integration requires an efficient infrastructure for vehicle charging. The usual approach for the optimization of charging station locations was the location, but not the location - allocation problem. In other words, optimization was carried out for the predefined number of stations, with the fulfillment of single or multiple criteria. The new – multi-criteria approach for the optimization of both charging station number and location should be taken into account. The criteria for the optimization include: economic aspects and revenues from ancillary services, EV owner satisfaction, location safety, social impact and importance of charger location and power distribution network capacity.
Transport currently accounts for 28% of global final energy demand and 23% of global CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (IEA, 2017). Even though efficient electric vehicles have been around for more than 100 years it is interesting how there were no significant scale up of their production until recently. There are many new moments in development of electromobility so electrification of personal transport must be seriously taken into account when planning the future energy systems for next 10 to 30 years . The highest impact to the development certainly comes from digitalization, as both the vehicles and supporting infrastructure becomes more connected and smarter. Besides electrification, digitalization and connectivity also impact the automation, which will certainly change current patterns of vehicle behaviour on the roads and ways how they are used in society. Due to efficiency increase there could be significant decrease in the both primary and finally energy use, however, cheaper, more efficient and automated transport can also cause rebound effects which means more travel and consequently increase in energy use. To answer the fast development of electromobility right policy must be proposed and followed. In this light, the European Commission’s “Europe on the Move” strategy asks to adopt current legislation and set up initiatives to promote “clean, competitive and connected mobility” (European Commission, 2017).
